How do I choose output devices for individual apps?

Output devices are an essential part of any computer system or application. They allow users to receive information from the computer in various forms that can be understood and interacted with. Output devices convert the digital data and electronic signals from the computer into a human-readable or perceivable form. Some common examples of output devices include monitors, speakers, printers, projectors, wearable technology, and haptic devices. Output devices take the processed data from the computer and transform it into text, graphics, audio, video or mechanical outputs that users can perceive. Without output devices, the results and information processed by a computer or application would remain invisible and inaccessible to the user. Output devices bridge this gap by providing critical feedback and interaction, enabling productive use of computers and applications.

Screens

When choosing an output screen for an app, consider factors like the screen’s resolution, size, and whether it has touch capability. Higher resolution screens can display more detailed imagery and text, which is ideal for apps focused on graphics, photos, or video. Larger screens like monitors provide more screen real estate for multitasking, while smaller screens like phones are more portable. Touchscreens allow direct on-screen interaction and are suited for drawing, writing, or designing apps. Non-touchscreens require input devices like a mouse or trackpad and may be preferable for apps not requiring touch.

For example, a graphics design app would benefit from a high resolution, large monitor to view and manipulate detailed images. A note-taking app may be optimal on a tablet with stylus input. A mobile gaming app designed for short play sessions fits well on a phone’s smaller touchscreen. Consider both the app’s purpose and likely usage scenarios when selecting an output screen.

As a general rule, match the app’s UI and functionality to the intended screen type. Complex apps with dense data may suit large monitors. Simple or transportation apps suit smaller touchscreens. Testing the app on real device options can help determine the ideal screen characteristics.

Speakers

When choosing speakers for individual apps, consider the volume, sound quality, and whether you need mono or stereo output. Some apps like games or videos may need louder volume and higher quality speakers to fully experience the audio effects. Music creation and editing apps require accurate stereo reproduction so the different instruments and elements can be differentiated. For voice chat apps, basic computer speakers or even mono headphones would work fine since voice clarity is the priority over music playback quality. Look at the speaker’s frequency range – a wider range like 20Hz to 20KHz will reproduce sounds better across the spectrum compared to a narrower range speaker. Higher wattages tend to play louder. And larger drivers and tweeters are better for lower and higher frequencies respectively.^[1]

If you will use the speakers primarily for music, aim for at least 2.0 stereo speakers with 4-8W power and 45Hz-20KHz frequency response range. For general computer use with some music or video playback, 2.0 stereo speakers with 2-5W power and 60Hz-20KHz range would suffice. Laptops and mobile devices can often output quality audio through their built-in speakers for casual usage. But users can also connect portable Bluetooth speakers for louder and higher fidelity sound.^[2]

Printers

When choosing a printer for an application, consider the type of printing you’ll be doing. Inkjet printers are typically more affordable for home use and can print in color, while laser printers are faster, more durable, and better for high-volume black and white printing [1]. If you only need to print documents, a black and white laser printer will suffice. But if you need to print photos or graphics, an inkjet with color capabilities is a better choice.

The paper size the printer supports is also an important factor. Most printers can handle standard letter or A4 paper. But if you need to print brochures, posters, or panoramic photos, you’ll need a printer that supports larger paper sizes. Some specialty printers are designed for printing labels, envelopes, or other non-standard paper types. Consider the types of documents you’ll be printing from each app when deciding on a printer.

You can set a default printer in your operating system, like Windows or Mac OS. But for apps that involve a lot of printing, it may be worth designating a specific printer just for that program. This way you don’t have to change the default every time you switch tasks. Refer to your operating system’s help documentation for how to choose default printers on an per-app basis [2].

Wearables

Wearable devices like smart watches and AR/VR headsets are gaining popularity as output devices for apps. As Jon Radoff points out, “Existing examples draw upon videogame input/output devices, wearables, mobile phone accelerometers, and VR headsets. Miniaturization and high resolution displays are making wearables more immersive and interactive.”¹ Wearables allow users to experience content in new and innovative ways.

Smart watches with full color displays can serve as output devices for notifications, health and fitness data, messages, and more. Their position on the wrist makes them easily accessible. AR/VR headsets take this a step further by immersing users in 3D environments and overlaid digital content. As Sankalp Shangari explains, these devices are becoming higher resolution and more lightweight over time.² This makes them ideal output devices for games, training simulations, design previews, and any app where an immersive 3D experience provides value.

Consider Accessibility

When choosing output devices, it is important to consider accessibility for users with different types of impairments. This ensures the devices can be used by people with disabilities.

Visual Impairments

For visual impairments, options include:

• Screen readers that read text aloud (e.g. JAWS) 1.1.3 Input, Output and Storage Flashcards
• Screen magnification software to enlarge text and images
• Braille displays that convert text to Braille characters

Hearing Impairments

For hearing impairments, devices with visual output are recommended, such as:

• Flashing alerts and notifications using lights
• Captions on videos and visual voicemail

Motor Impairments

For motor impairments, options include:

• Voice commands to control devices hands-free
• Eye tracking capabilities instead of touch/mouse
• Switches and alternate input methods

Choosing the right accessible output devices allows users with disabilities to effectively use apps and technology.

Portability

When choosing output devices, it’s important to consider whether you need mobile or desktop solutions. Mobile devices like smartphones and tablets offer more portability and convenience, while desktop devices like monitors and desktop speakers provide larger screens and better sound quality.

For applications used on the go, mobile devices are ideal. The smaller size makes them easy to carry around and use anywhere. Devices like portable Bluetooth speakers and foldable solar chargers are designed for travel and outdoor activities. Mobile apps can take advantage of features like cameras, GPS, and touchscreens.

For applications used at a desk, desktop devices make more sense. Their larger size accommodates bigger screens and speakers that enrich the experience. Desktop monitors allow more working space and higher resolutions. Wired connections provide faster speeds and reliability. Desktops also offer expandability to add specialized output accessories.

Consider when, where, and how you will use the application. Mobile devices excel at on-the-go use, while desktop devices are better suited for stationary office work. Choose output solutions that match the environment and mobility needs.

Connectivity

When choosing an output device, it’s important to consider how you want it to connect to your computer or mobile device. Wired connections like USB, HDMI, and Ethernet cables provide the most reliable and fastest data transfer speeds. However, wireless connectivity like Bluetooth and Wi-Fi offers more flexibility and portability. Here’s an overview of connectivity options:

Wired vs. Wireless: Wired connections are more stable and have less latency, making them better for applications like gaming that demand quick response times. However, wireless options like Bluetooth and Wi-Fi allow you to move around freely without being tethered by cables. Wireless can sometimes suffer interference or connectivity issues though.¹

Bluetooth: Bluetooth is a short-range wireless technology, with a typical range of up to 30 feet. It’s commonly used for connecting peripherals like headphones, speakers, game controllers, and printers. Bluetooth connections can handle moderate data speeds but may suffer lag or dropout issues at times.

Wi-Fi: Wi-Fi provides wireless network connectivity, often with a longer range than Bluetooth. It’s great for general connectivity needs, streaming media, and internet access. Speeds vary based on your Wi-Fi router and network conditions. Wi-Fi networks can sometimes have interference or connectivity problems.

Budget

When choosing output devices, it’s important to consider budget-friendly options that provide functionality without breaking the bank. Some affordable output devices include:

Low-cost printers – Brands like HP, Canon, Epson, and Brother offer budget printers starting around $50-100 that handle basic printing, scanning, and copying needs for individuals and small offices.

Computer speakers – You can find a decent set of desktop computer speakers for under $50 from brands like Logitech, Cyber Acoustics, and AmazonBasics. While these won’t provide premium audio, they offer good enough sound quality for most users.

Basic monitors – Brands like Samsung, Acer, Asus, and LG sell monitors in the $100-150 range that provide HD resolution without advanced features. These are suitable for basic computing and app usage.

Chromecast and streaming sticks – The Chromecast and devices like the Amazon Fire Stick and Roku Express allow you to stream media and display apps on a TV for under $50.

When budget is a top concern, opting for more affordable, no-frills output devices can provide the functionality you need for individual apps without overspending.

Conclusions

In summary, there are several key factors to consider when choosing output devices for individual apps:

First, think about the purpose and audience – who will be using the output and where will it be viewed? This affects decisions on screen size, portability, accessibility features, and more. As this source notes, distribution and logistics play a role.

Next, factor in connectivity and budget constraints. More portable devices like wearables often rely on wireless connections and may have higher costs, per this overview. Review options that fit within financial limitations.

Also, consider print resolution needed. As mentioned here, dots per inch and overall output quality may vary among printers.

Finally, accessibility is key – ensure the chosen devices and interfaces work for the intended users. With the right considerations, you can select optimal output technology for any application.